William Henry Jackson was one of the first generation nature photographers. His famous photographs of the American West not only enthralled the people of his time but have become important documents of history. He was also an explorer who traveled far and wide to document the flora and fauna of the then wild America.
William Henry Jackson was born on April 4, 1843 in Keeseville, New York. He was passionate about painting from a very young age and by the time he turned 19, he was already a skillful painter. He joined the Company K of the 12th Vermont Infantry of the Union Army during the Civil War as a private. Though he took part in the all important Battle of Gettysburg, he did not actually get to the field duty. He spent this time sketching his fellow soldiers and the scenes from the army camps.
In 1866, Jackson, along with his brother Edward traveled west to Omaha and settled there. He took up the business of photography. To the American Indians he acted as a missionary and here he made some of his most memorable documentation, photographing the American Indians like the Otoes, Pawnees, Osages, Omahas and Winnebagos.
Jackson’s nature photography got a boost when he was commissioned by the Union Pacific Railroad to photograph the scenery along the various routes for promotional job. This job came to the notice of Ferdinand Hayden, the man who was preparing for exploring the Yellowstone region. In 1870, Jackson was inducted into the US government survey team for the Yellowstone River and Rocky Mountains. As a photographer of a survey team, Jackson got to photograph many regions for the first time ever and these regions came to the notice of people for the first time also. His pictures played a very important role in the declaration of the Yellowstone National Park as the first National Park of United States.
In those days the cameras were heavy and the development had to be made onsite. So he had to travel with a team of about 5 to 7 people. His famous pictures included those of the Grand Tetons, the famous Old Faithful and the Mount of the Holy Cross. Jackson later worked for several railroad companies. He established his own company in Denver. Colorado and some of his works are displayed at the Library of Congress.
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